The Natural Sun
Announcements about our sun and its natural conditions
- Chapter 8 -
The origin of sun-spots
You will frequently have observed that the sun, usually at its equator, exhibits spots of every size around which the aided eye detects a rampart-like padding behind which a light is waving in all directions, which the astronomers have labelled flares. The question has often come up among the worldly learned as to what these spots might be, whilst many hypotheses have never yielded certainty.
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You shall however this time receive a definite answer. How shall we go about giving you a definite answer to this phenomenon? You will of course say: that's easy. You only have to tell us and we shall believe. That is so indeed, but what I say here may one day come before the eyes of the worldly-wise. Shall they also necessarily believe what I tell you about it? Not at all. This kind is without faith. They do not even necessarily believe it is I, or that a God exists at all, as Revelation has shown, but at the most what their exceedingly wise reason invents. Wherefore as said, they would not believe a mere account but explain it away as the invention of poetic imagination.
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Wherefore, we also must stand on quite different feet and set these foxes a quite peculiar trap which would not just trap their foot but grab such clever beings by their entire body. How to go about it? Just a little patience and we shall have it.
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If you drill a sphere exactly through its centre and mount it on a spindle, immersing and rotating it inside water and then lift it out of the water still rotating, from which part of its surface shall the sphere fling off most droplets? You will answer Me: from that part furthest from the spindle where it develops the greatest centrifugal force.
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Furthermore, take a glass sphere with openings on both sides so that again an axle can be inserted. Position it horizontally, pouring some water into it and spinning it. Where shall the water accumulate? Surely once again at greatest distance from the axle.
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These two examples suffice to clarify the matter. The sun is also a sphere as you know. A sphere with a diameter of two hundred thousand (German) miles (1 GM = 7.42km; hence 200000 GM = 1,484,000km). This sphere turns around its axis approximately every 29 days. Consider therefore the speed at its equator where any point has to make a journey of 600,000 GM in 29 days - a distance approximately seven times that of the moon from the Earth. A distance that it would take a fast horseman seventy years to ride non-stop, day and night.
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Visualize a point at the sun's equator and be amazed at the number of German miles it covers per minute, which makes you aware of the great centrifugal force at the sun's equator.
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Then hark back to our second glass sphere and how the water is massed towards the equator. What therefore shall be taking place in the sun's interior near the equator also? Shall not the more loose parts also be pushing under the equator and on account of the immense centrifugal force trying to break through the sun's crust and with greatest power, thrust and velocity, escape out of the sun into infinite space?
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In our most recent disclosure you heard what matter actually is regardless of type and what the consequences are if pressed, pushed or struck too hard. Shall not matter, as it masses extraordinarily towards the equator, also be vehemently pressurized and forced at some point or other, proportional to the centrifugal force and velocity at the sun's equator?
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Behold, now the trap is in place it only needs a fox and you can be assured it shall not escape this trap.
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You have heard already at the outset that the solar planet's soil is not as hard and brittle as for example that of the Earth but that it is elastic throughout and especially towards the equator. But let us suppose that the soil were brittle and hence to break up easily; what would the consequences be of the exceptional centrifugal force, especially at the sun's equator? Nothing other than one mountain and land area after another being flung from the solar surface with great vehemence into infinite space. Since however the solar soil is so rubbery this is not possible even if the rotation were double the speed.
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What can nonetheless happen when, as a consequence of the great centrifugal force and pressure from within, powerful massing and hence solar solidification along aforementioned ways take place beneath the solar surface in the equatorial region? For mark well, cosmic bodies also can suffer physical sickness. Nothing other would therewith eventuate than such hardened lumps at some place would eventually, notwithstanding the tough solar soil precisely due to pressure-induced ignition, rupture and break out of the solar surface with vast force into either endless or at least planetary distances.
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Behold, that is the origin of the resulting solar "black spots". Because with the immense breaking forth, not only the crust of the solar planet but also the photosphere (corona) are so vehemently ripped apart as to not only prevent it from firstly, at such point reflecting the light taken up from the other suns, but also stream forth its own peculiar light, which constantly develops from the elastic solar soil, if not broken up as just described, making it incapable of developing its own light.
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We also noted before that to the aided eye, sun-spots appear as bordered by less dark mounds; what are they?
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This is nothing other than the solar soil dug up by the eruption of this hardened mass forming itself into a funnel wall with narrow top and broad base. For a more telling example of a mound forming around the black spot, fashion a hollow half-sphere from tough soil of some pliability and thrust it through with a blunt instrument from inside, and you will get a semblance of these cast-up mounds, except it shall be more fractured as this clay still has less cohesion than the solar soil.
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That the mound towards the black (mid) point still appears with soft light is due to the torn parts, although deprived of overcast solar photosphere still develop through intense vibration sufficient light of their own equalling the original peculiar light of the sun's own. From this you can see how powerfully the sun would shine with its own light even without the general light.
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Furthermore, you have heard how beyond such mounds certain sunlight streams or flares develop. These are effected through the surging of the photosphere resulting from the eruption, because the waves mutually reflect one another, magnifying the shine, even whilst the furrowing waves must necessarily appear more feeble.
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Behold, thus far we have presented things not only vividly but also in a practical way. But I foresee a few learned foxes bloating their faces to ask with dreadfully wise mien: well, well, give the thing an ear; the theory has much going for it, but the playwright seems to have forgotten that these sun-spots pass away drastically changing their shape on the way. How is the author going to get out of that mound? Besides, many astronomical observations show the highest frequency waves upon this very mound. This could considerably inhibit our author's wall-type mound dug up or even lay him to rest.
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Not so My dear foxes. This indeed is chiefly grist for our mill. For would such foxes care to recall that we had already at the outset and right up to here, for good reason, spoken of the flexible soil of the sun which, after the eruption surely is not going to remain standing wall-fashion like a fire-spewer on Earth but to gradually by virtue of its elasticity draw itself together, healing the wound from the eruption like a cyst upon your body which, after the pus has run off, again diminishes and ultimately heals to where after a while no trace of the eruption is left upon whatever area.
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If therefore this mound is not rock-hard but flexible, then the quick and extensive movements and alterations of the mound and its gradual disappearance shall surely be explained thereby.
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Now then, no further objections? Behold, another fox still lurking in the background. He has measured several such black spots with his mathematical instruments finding some so large that thirty Earths could be accommodated next to one another in their dark room.
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What does he want to say therewith? Nothing, other than: if such a spot arises in the above mentioned way and is seen from Earth, this thrown-up mound should appear more prominently upon the solar edge (Corona), whereas usually no evidence of this raised mound is seen.
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Secondly, a second portentous question can be put: if the sun casts off such substantial masses from its interior, where do these go? And do not such immense losses affect the sun's bulk? Because with the largest spots one can estimate that in round figures, their mass would amount to a thousand terrestrial bodies. Taking the sun's cubic volume as a million-fold that of Earth, then a thousand such eruptions should consume the sun skin and all!
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Behold, this fox has sharp teeth and even sharper mathematical eyes. But he too shall be caught in the trap. For My calculating ability can yet compete with these foxes, and an infinity or two beyond. I shall not actually answer this sharp-toothed fox's question immediately but rather ask him a few little ones Myself, and if he can answer them, his also shall be answered.
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What is the annual cubic content cast off by an oak tree in proportion to the tree itself and that in the course of two hundred years? If however he measures the tree annually then he is sure to find that the tree does not thereby get smaller and thinner but on the contrary thicker, larger and higher. How is this possible? Answer: through constant replacement of all the tree's food sources. Thus I say: hit the same nose against the sun and you shall find that the loss can easily be replaced. Thus we have this objection behind us!
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Regarding the small ridges of the thrown-up mound edges, let the objector try and spot a blade of grass with his naked eye at ten miles distance, which surely is nothing compared to trying to see a dug-up mound with his aided eye from 23 million G. miles, which at the most extreme limit at the sun's photospheric edge does not amount to a ten thousandth's part of the solar diameter.
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Let the objector mark well and see that it could easily be as explained here, even if he does not espy Babylonian towers over the sun's edge with his polished glass. Besides that such parts of the ramparts, which come to protrude a little over the photosphere after an eruption, are melted with lightning speed by the colossal light intensity of the photosphere and hence annihilated. The reason such solar edge-protrusions are missed by the objector, can be spotted even less.
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Therewith we have finished with black spots. Presently we shall witness this eruption with the solar inhabitants. And so let us leave it for today!